Child Abuse Dynamic Period of Growth

Question: Discuss about the Child Abuse for Dynamic Period of Growth. Answer: Introduction: Childhood is the dynamic period of growth. Childhood acts as the framework for the development of an individual (Knowles et al., 2014). It is very important to understand the extrinsic and intrinsic forces that help in the production of the individual variation (Csikszentmihalyi Wolfe, 2014). The development way is unique for every child. The intrinsic forces have a direct effect on the attributes that are genetically determined such as temperament, physical characteristic, etc (Buss Plomin, 2014). The extrinsic forces mainly referred to the environmental factors that the child encounters in the childhood. This environmental factor mainly originates from the family. The things like the nurturing method that is provided to the child by the caregivers, the personalities of the parents and the siblings, the socio-economic status of the family, the cultural environment present in the surrounding of the child, all these factors have a great impact on the development and well-being of th e child. There are many theories, which try to create a framework for the better understanding of the developmental procedures of the children and infants. Most of the children try to make a connection with the others by sharing thoughts, actions, and feelings (Covey 2014). It helps in the development of the social milestone of the child. The first social sign that is developed in the child's life is the bonding of the infant with the caregiver, and it can be the mother. This bonding mainly depends on the feeling of the caregiver towards the child. With the time, the child learns to discriminate its mother's voice from the other voices (Friendly et al., 2014) and to express hunger, wet diaper and fatigue by crying (Koliba Feinberg 2015). To make a good bondage and gain the confidence of the child a caregiver must give prompt response to these cries and other behaviors (Ting 2013). If the parents are providing this care, then it will promote the parent-child relationship (Ordway et al., 2015). In the beginning, it requires a high-pitched vocalization and a smile from the caregiver to make the child smile but with time, less stimulation is needed, and ultimately after two to three months the child elicits a smile just by seeing the caregiver. Along with the development of the social skill the emotional development also occurs. From the birth, every child demonstrates its individual patterns of behavior and characteristic that helps to constitute the child's temperament. The temperament of a child decides how a child should react to the routine activities like dressing, feeding, playing and going to sleep. However, the regulation of a child's emotional state totally depends on the interaction between the caregiver and the child. This article mainly aims to the fact of understanding the potential impact of the abuse on child well-being and development. Nowadays in Australia, the negligence and child abuse social and public health problem. This negligence and abuse can lead to a large range of adverse consequence among the young people and children. Child neglect and abuse or maltreatment refer to any type of non-accidental behaviors by the caregivers, parents, and other older person that triggers a substantial risk of causing emotional and physical harm to the young person or child (Graham, 2014). This type of behavior may be sometimes intentional and sometimes unintentional. Child maltreatment includes sexual abuse, physical abuse, negligence, emotional maltreatment, and exposure to family violence. The behaviors of the parents may be developmental at one stage, but it should change with the time otherwise, it will be considered as inappropriate for the another stage of development. Physical abuse of the chi ldren includes hitting or shaking of the child. Although there are several such instants where the person doing the negligence or abuse did not intend to commit it. Any type of non-accidental use of the physical force against the child that result in the harm of the child is considered as physical abuse. Even also, the physical punishment given by the parents that lead to the bruising would be considered as physical abuse. Only a shaking that does not result in any injury is also said to be physical abuse. Hitting, shoving, shaking, slapping, punching, throwing, biting, kicking, burning, poisoning and strangling all this are regarded as types of physical abuse (Slep et al., 2012). The case of Samuel can be consider as physical abuse and he is abused by his father. We can confirm this because a two year old boy is severely injured and only his mother has come to admit him the hospital. The child also is not asking for his father this directs to the fact that the child is somewhat afraid of his father or he suffers from a trauma of his father. A two-year-old child should be very fond of his father but in case of Samuel it is not observed. It is seen that Samuel had a high amount of distress towards his father in such a little age. When Samuel will grew up this trauma of him for his father will come out as high amount of grievances. This will significantly affect the mental health of the child. He will develop depression, anxiety, academic problems, difficulty in concentrating in studies, and difficulty in sleeping. Samuel is a two years old boy has a fracture in his right scapula. He is a normal child, and no significant health history is present. Samuels mother is telling that he fell from the bottom step and landed on his back on the afternoon of the previous day, and it was seemed that he is ok after fall but the next morning when he woke up he was unable to move his arm. Therefore, she brought him to the emergency department. However, it is not clear from this that how a fracture in the right scapula can occur only just falling from the bottom step and on further assessment it was found that Samuel had a significant swelling and bruising over his right shoulder, and he becomes distressed when you handle his right arm. He also has small, oval-shaped bruises on his upper arm, and yellowed bruising around his left ear. One cannot get injuries in such different places of his body just by falling from the bottom step. Samuel's mother was telling a lie regarding the injury of him. She wanted to h ide the matter of physical abuse. She does not to bring it to the forefront that Samuel is abused. Nevertheless, the swelling and bruises of Samuel are giving the proof of the abuses that Samuel is facing. It is definitely a case of physical abuse. Someone has abused Samuel very badly. The fracture of Samuel at this age could be makes him very vulnerable for any type of fracture in his future life. In his whole life he cannot pick up something heavy or do some heavy work with his right arm because his right scapula is already having a fracture. In the event of child abuse, the first duty of the nurse is to note what she observes because each situation is different. It is very much essential for the wellbeing and to ensure the safety of the child. The nurse should discuss the matter with the colleagues whom she can believe and get support and advice from them (Kempe et al., 2013). The nurse should develop an action plan for the safety of the child and should contact other agencies like community health services, local government services (police), for help. The nurse should take the child in confidence and should take to the child. This talk should be done in privacy and maintain confidentiality. The nurse should also try to discuss the matter with the parents if she thinks it is safe to do so, and it will not have any adverse effect on the wellbeing of the child. If someone found that the parents are guilty of the abuse of the child, then it is the mandatory responsibility of the person o make a legal obligation and report to the government agencies for the protection of the child. So that protection can be provided to the child. In the case of Samuel the nurse should asked samuels mother to arrange a meeting with his father. A question should also be raised that how the child got oval-shaped bruises on his upper arm, and yellow coloured bruising around his left ear. The report should contain a detail description of the child, indication of the injuries on the body of the child and the behaviors observed in the child, reason behind the reporting, the report should very precisely contain the assessment of the immediate danger for the child, and there should be family information present in the report. If some dont have all these information it does not mean that he or she cannot make a report, if some find something suspicious he or she can report it. This must always be remembered before making the report that after reporting the responsibilities increases as there arise a question of the safety of th e child because the childs wellbeing and life both are at high risk after they find out that a report is launched. Reference: Buss, A. H., Plomin, R. 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